
2000 Microchip Technology Inc.
Preliminary
DS41124C-page 79
PIC16C745/765
11.1
USART Baud Rate Generator (BRG)
The BRG supports both the Asynchronous and Syn-
chronous modes of the USART. It is a dedicated 8-bit
baud rate generator. The SPBRG register controls the
period of a free running 8-bit timer. In Asynchronous
mode, bit BRGH (TXSTA<2>) also controls the baud
rate. In Synchronous mode, bit BRGH is ignored.
Table 11-1 shows the formula for computation of the
baud rate for different USART modes which only apply
in Master mode (internal clock).
Given the desired baud rate and FINT, the nearest inte-
ger value for the SPBRG register can be calculated
using the formula in
Table 11-1. From this, the error in
baud rate can be determined.
It may be advantageous to use the high baud rate
(BRGH = 1) even for slower baud clocks. This is
because the FINT/(16(X + 1)) equation can reduce the
baud rate error in some cases.
Writing a new value to the SPBRG register causes the
BRG timer to be reset (or cleared). This ensures the
BRG does not wait for a timer overflow before output-
ting the new baud rate.
11.1.1
SAMPLING
The data on the RC7/RX/DT pin is sampled three times
near the center of each bit time by a majority detect cir-
cuit to determine if a high or a low level is present at the
RX pin.
TABLE 11-1:
BAUD RATE FORMULA
TABLE 11-2:
BAUD RATES FOR
SYNCHRONOUS MODE
TABLE 11-3:
BAUD RATES FOR
ASYNCHRONOUS MODE
(BRGH = 0)
SYNC
BRGH = 0 (Low Speed)
BRGH = 1 (High Speed)
0
1
(Asynchronous) Baud Rate = FINT/(64(SPBRG+1))
(Synchronous) Baud Rate = FINT/(4(SPBRG+1))
Baud Rate = FINT/(16(SPBRG+1))
NA
Desired
Baud
24 MHz
Actual
Baud
% of Error
SPBRG
300
1200
2400
4800
9600
19200
38400
38461.54
0.16
155
57600
57692.31
0.16
103
115200
115384.62
0.16
51
230400
230769.23
0.16
25
460800
461538.46
0.16
12
921600
1000000.00
8.51
5
Desired
Baud
24 MHz
Actual
Baud
% of Error
SPBRG
300
1200
2400
2403.85
0.16
155
4800
4807.69
0.16
77
9600
9615.38
0.16
38
19200
19736.84
2.80
18
38400
41666.67
8.51
8
57600
62500.00
8.51
5
115200
125000.00
8.51
2
230400
460800
921600
745cov.book Page 79 Wednesday, August 2, 2000 8:24 AM